The goal of an air-conditioning/HVAC&R system is to provide a healthy and comfortable indoor environment with acceptable indoor air quality, while being energy efficient and cost effective. ASHRAE Standard 62-1989 defines acceptable indoor air quality as “air in which there are no known contaminants at harmful concentrations as determined by cognizant authorities and with which a substantial majority (80% or more) of the people exposed do not express dissatisfaction.”
The basic steps in the development and use of an air-conditioning project are design, installation, commissioning, operation, and maintenance. There are two types of air-conditioning projects: designbid and design-build.
A design-bid project separates the design (engineering consultant) and installation (contractors) responsibilities. In a design-build project, the design is also done by the installation contractor. A design-build project is usually a small project or a project having insufficient time to go through normal bidding procedures. In the building construction industry, air-conditioning or HVAC&R is one of the mechanical services; these also include plumbing, fire protection, and escalators.
Air-conditioning design
The basic steps in the development and use of an air-conditioning project are design, installation, commissioning, operation, and maintenance. There are two types of air-conditioning projects: designbid and design-build.
A design-bid project separates the design (engineering consultant) and installation (contractors) responsibilities. In a design-build project, the design is also done by the installation contractor. A design-build project is usually a small project or a project having insufficient time to go through normal bidding procedures. In the building construction industry, air-conditioning or HVAC&R is one of the mechanical services; these also include plumbing, fire protection, and escalators.
Air-conditioning design
is a process of selecting the optimum system, subsystem, equipment, and components from various alternatives and preparing the drawings and specifications. Haines (1994) summarized this process in four phases: gather information, develop alternatives, evaluate alternatives, and sell the best solution. Design determines the basic operating characteristics of a system. After an air-conditioning system is designed and constructed, it is difficult and expensive to change its basic characteristics.
The foundation of a successful project is teamwork and coordination between designer, contractor, and operator and between mechanical engineer, electrical engineer, facility operator, architect, and structural engineer. Field experience is helpful to the designer. Before beginning the design process it is advisable to visit similar projects that have operated for more than 2 years and talk with the operator to investigate actual performance.
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